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MEDICAL AESTHETICS · TECHNICAL GLOSSARY
Selective photothermolysis requires heat aimed at targets; the epidermis lives or dies by cooling. Cooling is at once a safety device (burn prevention, higher usable fluence), a comfort device (epidermal heat drives pain) and an efficacy device (better cooling widens the fluence window). Half of any laser’s feel is cooling engineering.
| Method | Physics | Strength | Weakness |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contact (sapphire) | ~5°C window conducts heat away | Uniform, shot-synchronized, efficient | Window maintenance, needs medium |
| Air | Forced convection | Simple, consumable-free | Low capacity for high fluence |
| Water loop | Circulating water removes internal heat | Protects laser + assists skin cooling | Loop and water-quality upkeep |
| Cryogen spray (DCD) | Millisecond tetrafluoroethane spurts | Instant cooling; pairs with monopolar RF | Consumable cost, tightening regulation |
Professional units stack three layers: water loop for laser and internals → TEC further chills → sapphire touches skin. Whole-machine thermal design (water temperature under continuous load) reflects vendor competence better than any single spec — 8 hours in a hot clinic without derating is the acid test.
Largely yes: suppressed epidermal temperature cuts pain signals sharply, though deep-target fullness remains — tolerance still improves dramatically.
Periodic water changes, biocide and filter cleaning per the manual; neglected water quality clogs loops and kills lasers — the top failure zone of second-hand units.
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